ADHDgene Database

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Large-scale studies

Data Summary

Published Variant
- SNP: 1391
- CNV: 398
- Others: 173
Published Gene: 359
Published Region: 128
Pathway by PBA: 8
Study: 361

Detail ...

Gene Report

Basic Info

Approved Symbol	SYK
Approved Name	spleen tyrosine kinase
Location	9q22
Position	chr9:93564012-93660842, +
External Links	HGNC: 11491 Entrez Gene: 6850 Ensembl: ENSG00000165025 UCSC: uc004aqz.2
No. of Studies	0 (significant: 0; non-significant: 0; trend: 0)
Source	Mapped by significant region

Gene related studies (count: 0)

Gene related SNPs (count: 0)

Gene related CNVs (count: 0)

Gene related other variant (count: 0)

Gene related regions (count: 1)

Region Name	Position	No. of Studies (significant/non-significant/trend)
9q22	chr9:90400000-102600000	3 (1/1/1)

Gene related GO terms (count: 58)

GO terms by PBA (with statistical significance of FDR<0.05) (count: 0)

GO terms by database search (count: 58)

ID	Name	Type	Evidence[PMID]	No. of Genes in ADHDgene
GO:0042101	T cell receptor complex	Cellular Component	IDA[8176201]	4
GO:0042742	defense response to bacterium	Biological Process		11
GO:0032928	regulation of superoxide anion generation	Biological Process		1
GO:0033630	positive regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin	Biological Process		2
GO:0030593	neutrophil chemotaxis	Biological Process	IDA[12885943]	7
GO:0032009	early phagosome	Cellular Component		2
GO:0019901	protein kinase binding	Molecular Function		51
GO:0030168	platelet activation	Biological Process		38
GO:0045579	positive regulation of B cell differentiation	Biological Process		3
GO:0045588	positive regulation of gamma-delta T cell differentiation	Biological Process		1
GO:0045401	positive regulation of interleukin-3 biosynthetic process	Biological Process		1
GO:0045425	positive regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor biosynthetic process	Biological Process		1
GO:0043366	beta selection	Biological Process		1
GO:0045087	innate immune response	Biological Process		54
GO:0043306	positive regulation of mast cell degranulation	Biological Process		3
GO:0043313	regulation of neutrophil degranulation	Biological Process		1
GO:0007257	activation of JUN kinase activity	Biological Process		8
GO:0007229	integrin-mediated signaling pathway	Biological Process	NAS[12885943]	10
GO:0007167	enzyme linked receptor protein signaling pathway	Biological Process		2
GO:0007159	leukocyte cell-cell adhesion	Biological Process	IDA[12885943]	5
GO:0006468	protein phosphorylation	Biological Process		53
GO:0005886	plasma membrane	Cellular Component		772
GO:0005829	cytosol	Cellular Component	IC[8163536]	447
GO:0005524	ATP binding	Molecular Function		228
GO:0019815	B cell receptor complex	Cellular Component		1
GO:0019370	leukotriene biosynthetic process	Biological Process		10
GO:0019048	virus-host interaction	Biological Process		54
GO:0018108	peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	Biological Process		3
GO:0010543	regulation of platelet activation	Biological Process		1
GO:0009887	organ morphogenesis	Biological Process	TAS[7477352]	19
GO:0008283	cell proliferation	Biological Process	TAS[10963601]	60
GO:0007596	blood coagulation	Biological Process		83
GO:0050715	positive regulation of cytokine secretion	Biological Process		8
GO:0048514	blood vessel morphogenesis	Biological Process		4
GO:0050764	regulation of phagocytosis	Biological Process		2
GO:0050731	positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	Biological Process		14
GO:0046638	positive regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation	Biological Process		2
GO:0045780	positive regulation of bone resorption	Biological Process		6
GO:0046777	protein autophosphorylation	Biological Process		23
GO:0046641	positive regulation of alpha-beta T cell proliferation	Biological Process		3
GO:0090330	regulation of platelet aggregation	Biological Process		1
GO:0090237	regulation of arachidonic acid secretion	Biological Process		1
GO:0050853	B cell receptor signaling pathway	Biological Process		5
GO:0050850	positive regulation of calcium-mediated signaling	Biological Process		7
GO:0071226	cellular response to molecule of fungal origin	Biological Process		1
GO:0070372	regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	Biological Process		4
GO:0001525	angiogenesis	Biological Process		35
GO:0001945	lymph vessel development	Biological Process		3
GO:0002250	adaptive immune response	Biological Process		5
GO:0002281	macrophage activation involved in immune response	Biological Process		1
GO:0002283	neutrophil activation involved in immune response	Biological Process		1
GO:0002366	leukocyte activation involved in immune response	Biological Process		1
GO:0002554	serotonin secretion by platelet	Biological Process		1
GO:0004672	protein kinase activity	Molecular Function	NAS[12885943]	27
GO:0004715	non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activity	Molecular Function	IDA[8163536]	6
GO:0004716	receptor signaling protein tyrosine kinase activity	Molecular Function		2
GO:0005178	integrin binding	Molecular Function	IPI[12885943]	15
GO:0005515	protein binding	Molecular Function		910

Gene related KEGG pathways (count: 6)

ID	Name	No. of Genes in ADHDgene	Brief Description
hsa04662	B cell receptor signaling pathway	14	B cells are an important component of adaptive immunity. The...... B cells are an important component of adaptive immunity. They produce and secrete millions of different antibody molecules, each of which recognizes a different (foreign) antigen. The B cell receptor (BCR) is an integral membrane protein complex that is composed of two immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chains, two Ig light chains and two heterodimers of Ig-alpha and Ig-beta. After BCR ligation by antigen, three main protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) -the SRC-family kinase LYN, SYK and the TEC-family kinase BTK- are activated. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and phospholipase C-gamma 2 (PLC-gamma 2) are important downstream effectors of BCR signalling. This signalling ultimately results in the expression of immediate early genes that further activate the expression of other genes involved in B cell proliferation, differentiation and Ig production as well as other processes. More...
hsa04380	Osteoclast differentiation	25	The osteoclasts, multinucleared cells originating from the h...... The osteoclasts, multinucleared cells originating from the hematopoietic monocyte-macrophage lineage, are responsible for bone resorption. Osteoclastogenesis is mainly regulated by signaling pathways activated by RANK and immune receptors, whose ligands are expressed on the surface of osteoblasts. Signaling from RANK changes gene expression patterns through transcription factors like NFATc1 and characterizes the active osteoclast. More...
hsa04650	Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity	16	Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes of the innate immu...... Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes of the innate immune system that are involved in early defenses against both allogeneic (nonself) cells and autologous cells undergoing various forms of stress, such as infection with viruses, bacteria, or parasites or malignant transformation. Although NK cells do not express classical antigen receptors of the immunoglobulin gene family, such as the antibodies produced by B cells or the T cell receptor expressed by T cells, they are equipped with various receptors whose engagement allows them to discriminate between target and nontarget cells. Activating receptors bind ligands on the target cell surface and trigger NK cell activation and target cell lysis. However Inhibitory receptors recognize MHC class I molecules (HLA) and inhibit killing by NK cells by overruling the actions of the activating receptors. This inhibitory signal is lost when the target cells do not express MHC class I and perhaps also in cells infected with virus, which might inhibit MHC class I exprssion or alter its conformation. The mechanism of NK cell killing is the same as that used by the cytotoxic T cells generated in an adaptive immune response; cytotoxic granules are released onto the surface of the bound target cell, and the effector proteins they contain penetrate the cell membrane and induce programmed cell death. More...
hsa05152	Tuberculosis	30	Tuberculosis, or TB, is an infectious disease caused by Myco...... Tuberculosis, or TB, is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. One third of the world's population is thought to be infected with TB. About 90% of those infected result in latent infections, and about 10% of latent infections develop active diseases when their immune system is impaired due to the age, other diseases such as AIDS or exposure to immunosuppressive drugs. TB is transmitted through the air and primarily attacks the lungs, then it can spread by the circulatory system to other parts of body. Once TB bacilli have entered the host by the respiratory route and infected macrophages in the lungs, they interfere with phagosomal maturation, antigen presentation, apoptosis and host immune system to establish persistent or latent infection. More...
hsa04666	Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis	28	Phagocytosis plays an essential role in host-defense mechani...... Phagocytosis plays an essential role in host-defense mechanisms through the uptake and destruction of infectious pathogens. Specialized cell types including macrophages, neutrophils, and monocytes take part in this process in higher organisms. After opsonization with antibodies (IgG), foreign extracellular materials are recognized by Fc gamma receptors. Cross-linking of Fc gamma receptors initiates a variety of signals mediated by tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple proteins, which lead through the actin cytoskeleton rearrangements and membrane remodeling to the formation of phagosomes. Nascent phagosomes undergo a process of maturation that involves fusion with lysosomes. The acquisition of lysosomal proteases and release of reactive oxygen species are crucial for digestion of engulfed materials in phagosomes. More...
hsa04664	Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway	20	Fc epsilon RI-mediated signaling pathways in mast cells are ...... Fc epsilon RI-mediated signaling pathways in mast cells are initiated by the interaction of antigen (Ag) with IgE bound to the extracellular domain of the alpha chain of Fc epsilon RI. The activation pathways are regulated both positively and negatively by the interactions of numerous signaling molecules. Mast cells that are thus activated release preformed granules which contain biogenic amines (especially histamines) and proteoglycans (especially heparin). The activation of phospholipase A2 causes the release of membrane lipids followed by development of lipid mediators such as leukotrienes (LTC4, LTD4 and LTE4) and prostaglandins (especially PDG2). There is also secretion of cytokines, the most important of which are TNF-alpha, IL-4 and IL-5. These mediators and cytokines contribute to inflammatory responses. More...

Genes shared at least 5 GO terms with SYK (count: 57)

Gene Symbol	Pathway Count	Pathway List
PIK3CG	11	neutrophil chemotaxis; platelet activation; innate immune response; plasma membrane; cytosol; ATP binding; blood coagulation; angiogenesis; adaptive immune response; protein kinase activity; protein binding;
BCAR1	9	protein kinase binding; platelet activation; integrin-mediated signaling pathway; plasma membrane; cytosol; cell proliferation; blood coagulation; B cell receptor signaling pathway; protein binding;
ILK	9	protein kinase binding; integrin-mediated signaling pathway; protein phosphorylation; plasma membrane; cytosol; ATP binding; cell proliferation; integrin binding; protein binding;
MAPK1	9	platelet activation; innate immune response; cytosol; ATP binding; virus-host interaction; organ morphogenesis; blood coagulation; B cell receptor signaling pathway; protein binding;
MAPK3	9	platelet activation; innate immune response; protein phosphorylation; cytosol; ATP binding; virus-host interaction; organ morphogenesis; blood coagulation; protein binding;
PRKD1	9	innate immune response; integrin-mediated signaling pathway; plasma membrane; cytosol; ATP binding; cell proliferation; protein autophosphorylation; angiogenesis; protein binding;
ERBB2	9	enzyme linked receptor protein signaling pathway; protein phosphorylation; plasma membrane; ATP binding; cell proliferation; protein autophosphorylation; regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade; receptor signaling protein tyrosine kinase activity; protein binding;
GSK3B	8	protein kinase binding; protein phosphorylation; plasma membrane; cytosol; ATP binding; organ morphogenesis; integrin binding; protein binding;
PAK1	8	protein kinase binding; protein phosphorylation; plasma membrane; cytosol; ATP binding; protein autophosphorylation; protein kinase activity; protein binding;
PRKCB	8	platelet activation; protein phosphorylation; plasma membrane; cytosol; ATP binding; blood coagulation; B cell receptor signaling pathway; protein binding;
MAP3K5	7	protein kinase binding; innate immune response; activation of JUN kinase activity; ATP binding; virus-host interaction; protein kinase activity; protein binding;
PLK1	7	protein kinase binding; protein phosphorylation; cytosol; ATP binding; cell proliferation; protein kinase activity; protein binding;
PIK3R1	7	platelet activation; protein phosphorylation; plasma membrane; cytosol; virus-host interaction; blood coagulation; protein binding;
MAP3K11	7	activation of JUN kinase activity; protein phosphorylation; ATP binding; cell proliferation; protein autophosphorylation; protein kinase activity; protein binding;
FES	7	protein phosphorylation; cytosol; ATP binding; peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; cell proliferation; protein autophosphorylation; non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activity;
FLT4	7	plasma membrane; ATP binding; peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; blood vessel morphogenesis; protein autophosphorylation; lymph vessel development; protein binding;
CD3E	6	T cell receptor complex; protein kinase binding; plasma membrane; positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; positive regulation of alpha-beta T cell proliferation; positive regulation of calcium-mediated signaling;
RELA	6	protein kinase binding; innate immune response; cytosol; virus-host interaction; organ morphogenesis; protein binding;
THY1	6	protein kinase binding; plasma membrane; cytosol; angiogenesis; integrin binding; protein binding;
ARRB2	6	platelet activation; plasma membrane; cytosol; blood coagulation; positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; protein binding;
PLCG2	6	platelet activation; plasma membrane; cytosol; blood coagulation; B cell receptor signaling pathway; protein binding;
RIPK3	6	innate immune response; plasma membrane; cytosol; ATP binding; protein kinase activity; protein binding;
ITGA2	6	integrin-mediated signaling pathway; plasma membrane; virus-host interaction; organ morphogenesis; blood coagulation; protein binding;
PRKG1	6	protein phosphorylation; plasma membrane; cytosol; ATP binding; blood coagulation; protein binding;
TGFBR1	6	protein phosphorylation; plasma membrane; ATP binding; angiogenesis; protein kinase activity; protein binding;
JAM3	6	plasma membrane; blood coagulation; angiogenesis; adaptive immune response; integrin binding; protein binding;
YES1	6	plasma membrane; cytosol; ATP binding; blood coagulation; protein autophosphorylation; non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activity;
MAVS	5	defense response to bacterium; protein kinase binding; innate immune response; virus-host interaction; protein binding;
ITGA1	5	neutrophil chemotaxis; integrin-mediated signaling pathway; plasma membrane; integrin binding; protein binding;
ADRA2A	5	protein kinase binding; platelet activation; plasma membrane; blood coagulation; protein binding;
LATS1	5	protein kinase binding; protein phosphorylation; cytosol; ATP binding; protein binding;
MAP2K3	5	protein kinase binding; innate immune response; cytosol; ATP binding; protein binding;
NEK6	5	protein kinase binding; protein phosphorylation; ATP binding; protein autophosphorylation; protein binding;
ADRA2B	5	platelet activation; plasma membrane; blood coagulation; angiogenesis; protein binding;
ARRB1	5	platelet activation; plasma membrane; cytosol; blood coagulation; protein binding;
STX4	5	platelet activation; plasma membrane; cytosol; blood coagulation; protein binding;
STXBP3	5	platelet activation; plasma membrane; cytosol; blood coagulation; protein binding;
VEGFA	5	platelet activation; blood coagulation; positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; angiogenesis; protein binding;
VEGFB	5	platelet activation; blood coagulation; positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; angiogenesis; protein binding;
MAP4K2	5	innate immune response; activation of JUN kinase activity; protein phosphorylation; ATP binding; protein binding;
MIF	5	innate immune response; cell proliferation; positive regulation of cytokine secretion; positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; protein binding;
PIK3C3	5	innate immune response; cytosol; ATP binding; protein kinase activity; protein binding;
CTGF	5	integrin-mediated signaling pathway; plasma membrane; cytosol; angiogenesis; integrin binding;
ITGAL	5	integrin-mediated signaling pathway; leukocyte cell-cell adhesion; plasma membrane; blood coagulation; positive regulation of calcium-mediated signaling;
CAMK2D	5	protein phosphorylation; plasma membrane; cytosol; ATP binding; protein autophosphorylation;
CSNK1E	5	protein phosphorylation; cytosol; ATP binding; protein kinase activity; protein binding;
FRK	5	protein phosphorylation; plasma membrane; ATP binding; non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activity; protein binding;
MARK2	5	protein phosphorylation; plasma membrane; ATP binding; protein autophosphorylation; protein binding;
PRKAA1	5	protein phosphorylation; cytosol; ATP binding; protein kinase activity; protein binding;
ROCK2	5	protein phosphorylation; plasma membrane; cytosol; ATP binding; protein binding;
ROS1	5	protein phosphorylation; plasma membrane; ATP binding; cell proliferation; regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade;
ADRBK1	5	plasma membrane; cytosol; ATP binding; protein kinase activity; protein binding;
CUL5	5	plasma membrane; cytosol; virus-host interaction; cell proliferation; protein binding;
HSPA8	5	plasma membrane; cytosol; ATP binding; virus-host interaction; protein binding;
ITK	5	cytosol; ATP binding; adaptive immune response; non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activity; protein binding;
KIF2C	5	cytosol; ATP binding; cell proliferation; blood coagulation; protein binding;
SMG1	5	cytosol; ATP binding; protein autophosphorylation; protein kinase activity; protein binding;

Genes shared at least 2 KEGG pathways with SYK (count: 22)

Gene Symbol	Pathway Count	Pathway List
MAPK1	6	B cell receptor signaling pathway; Osteoclast differentiation; Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity; Tuberculosis; Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis; Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway;
MAPK3	6	B cell receptor signaling pathway; Osteoclast differentiation; Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity; Tuberculosis; Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis; Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway;
PIK3CG	5	B cell receptor signaling pathway; Osteoclast differentiation; Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity; Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis; Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway;
PIK3R1	5	B cell receptor signaling pathway; Osteoclast differentiation; Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity; Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis; Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway;
PLCG2	5	B cell receptor signaling pathway; Osteoclast differentiation; Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity; Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis; Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway;
FCGR2B	4	B cell receptor signaling pathway; Osteoclast differentiation; Tuberculosis; Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis;
PRKCB	4	B cell receptor signaling pathway; Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity; Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis; Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway;
FCGR3A	4	Osteoclast differentiation; Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity; Tuberculosis; Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis;
PPP3R2	3	B cell receptor signaling pathway; Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity; Tuberculosis;
RELA	3	B cell receptor signaling pathway; Osteoclast differentiation; Tuberculosis;
FCGR2A	3	Osteoclast differentiation; Tuberculosis; Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis;
FCGR2C	3	Osteoclast differentiation; Tuberculosis; Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis;
FCGR3B	3	Osteoclast differentiation; Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity; Tuberculosis;
GAB2	3	Osteoclast differentiation; Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis; Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway;
IFNGR1	3	Osteoclast differentiation; Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity; Tuberculosis;
MAPK9	3	Osteoclast differentiation; Tuberculosis; Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway;
LILRB3	2	B cell receptor signaling pathway; Osteoclast differentiation;
MALT1	2	B cell receptor signaling pathway; Tuberculosis;
NFATC4	2	B cell receptor signaling pathway; Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity;
PAK1	2	Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity; Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis;
PLA2G4B	2	Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis; Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway;
PLA2G6	2	Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis; Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway;

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Region: chr9:93564012..93660842 View in gBrowse