ADHDgene Database

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Large-scale studies

Data Summary

Published Variant
- SNP: 1391
- CNV: 398
- Others: 173
Published Gene: 359
Published Region: 128
Pathway by PBA: 8
Study: 361

Detail ...

Study Report

Basic Info

Reference	Kim JW, 200817876324
Citation	Kim J. W., Biederman J., McGrath C. L., Doyle A. E., Mick E., Fagerness J., Purcell S., Smoller J. W., Sklar P. and Faraone S. V. (2008) "Further evidence of association between two NET single-nucleotide polymorphisms with ADHD." Mol Psychiatry, 13(6): 624-30.
Study Design	family-based
Study Type	Candidate-gene association study
Sample Size	474 trios
Predominant Ethnicity	Caucasian
Population	USA
Gender	308 males and 166 females
Age Group	Children/Adolescents and Adults : 2-39 years

Detail Info

Summary	In this study, they have applied a dense mapping strategy to capture all genetic variations within the NET gene in a large number of ADHD families (474 trios). As a result, they found association of the same alleles from two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs3785143 and rs11568324) previously identified in another large-scale ADHD genetic study (International Multisite ADHD Geneproject). Furthermore, the effect sizes were consistent across both studies. This is the first time that identical alleles of NET from different studies were implicated, and thus their report provides further evidence that the NET gene is involved in the etiology of ADHD.
Total Sample	The final data set used in this study consisted of 474 ADHD-affected offspring. Of those, 266 were probands and the remaining 208 were siblings who had ADHD.
Sample Collection	Caucasian and others
Diagnosis Description	During the screening phase, mothers were administered a telephone questionnaire containing criteria for DSM-IIIR ADHD and exclusionary criteria for their referred child. Diagnoses on probands and siblings 12 years of age and older were obtained from independent interviews with them and their mothers using the Schedule for Affective Disorders-Epidemiologic Version for children (Kiddie SADS-E27), which, for all studies except the family studies of girls and boys with ADHD, was adapted to include DSM-IV criteria. Those classified as having ADHD at both the screen and the interview were included as index cases.
Technique	The genotyping for SNPs was performed using a multiple base extension reaction with allele discrimination by MassArray mass spectrometry system (BrUnited Kingdomer-Sequenom) as previously described (refer to the original publication for more details).
Analysis Method	For the transmission disequilibrium test (TDT), the TDTPHASE program of the UNPHASED set was used. The pedigree data were screened for genotype inconsistencies by using PLINK. PLINK was also used to assess genotype distributions for departures from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The P-values were not corrected for multiple testing.
Result Description	As a result, they found association of the same alleles from two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs3785143 and rs11568324) previously identified in another large-scale ADHD genetic study (International Multisite ADHD Geneproject). Furthermore, the effect sizes were consistent across both studies.

SNPs reported by this study (count: 24)

SNP	Statistical Values	Author Comments	Result of Statistical Analysis
rs998424	X²=0.943, P-value=0.331, OR=1.1	not associated with ADHD not associated with ADHD	Non-significant
rs3785151	X²=0.548, P-value=0.459, OR=1.1	not associated with ADHD not associated with ADHD	Non-significant
rs3785143	X²=5.357, P-value=0.02, OR=1.45; X²=11.6, P-value=0.0006, OR=1.42 in the combined study	shows positive associations shows positive associations	Significant
rs3785157	X²=1.478, P-value=0.224, OR=1.13	not associated with ADHD not associated with ADHD	Non-significant
rs3785152	X²=3.789, P-value=0.051, OR=1.38	not associated with ADHD not associated with ADHD	Non-significant
rs42460	X²=0.883, P-value=0.347, OR=1.17	not associated with ADHD not associated with ADHD	Non-significant
rs40147	X²=1.315, P-value=0.251, OR=1.13	not associated with ADHD not associated with ADHD	Non-significant
rs5569	X²=0.147, P-value=0.701, OR=1.04	not associated with ADHD not associated with ADHD	Non-significant
rs5568	X²=0.04, P-value=0.84, OR=1.02	not associated with ADHD not associated with ADHD	Non-significant
rs36024	X²=0.197, P-value=0.657, OR=1.04	not associated with ADHD not associated with ADHD	Non-significant
rs36030	X²=0.553, P-value=0.457, OR=1.11	not associated with ADHD not associated with ADHD	Non-significant
rs36020	X_HET=0.122, P-value=0.726, OR=1.05	not associated with ADHD not associated with ADHD	Non-significant
rs36021	X²=0.01, P-value=0.919, OR=1.01	not associated with ADHD not associated with ADHD	Non-significant
rs1948773	X²=0.22, P-value=0.639, OR=1.08	not associated with ADHD not associated with ADHD	Non-significant
rs258099	X²=0.265, P-value=0.607, OR=1.05	not associated with ADHD not associated with ADHD	Non-significant
rs1814269	X²=0, P-value=1, OR=1.00	not associated with ADHD not associated with ADHD	Non-significant
rs192303	X²=0.896, P-value=0.343, OR=1.1	not associated with ADHD not associated with ADHD	Non-significant
rs16955708	X²=0.191, P-value=0.662, OR=1.06	not associated with ADHD not associated with ADHD	Non-significant
rs17306977	X²=0.824, P-value=0.363, OR=1.14	not associated with ADHD not associated with ADHD	Non-significant
rs1532701	X²=0.009, P-value=0.926, OR=1.01	not associated with ADHD not associated with ADHD	Non-significant
rs15534	X²=0.443, P-value=0.505, OR=1.08	not associated with ADHD not associated with ADHD	Non-significant
rs11568324	X²=4.765, P-value=0.029, OR=3.25; X²=10.3, P-value=0.0013, OR=3.37 in the combined study	shows positive associations shows positive associations	Significant
rs12596924	X²=0.014, P-value=0.906, OR=1.01	not associated with ADHD not associated with ADHD	Non-significant
rs10521329	X²=0.12, P-value=0.729, OR=1.04	not associated with ADHD not associated with ADHD	Non-significant

Genes reported by this study (count: 1)