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KEGG Pathway Report
Basic Info
| ID | hsa05218 |
|---|---|
| Name | Melanoma |
| Description | Melanoma is a form of skin cancer that has a poor prognosis and which is on the rise in Western populations. Melanoma arises from the malignant transformation of pigment-producing cells, melanocytes. The only known environmental risk factor is exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light and in people with fair skin the risk is greatly increased. Melanoma pathogenesis is also driven by genetic factors. Oncogenic NRAS mutations activate both effector pathways Raf-MEK-ERK and PI3K-Akt. The Raf-MEK-ERK pathway may also be activated via mutations in the BRAF gene. The PI3K-Akt pathway may be activated through loss or mutation of the inhibitory tumor suppressor gene PTEN. These mutations arise early during melanoma pathogenesis and are preserved throughout tumor progression. Melanoma development has been shown to be strongly associated with inactivation of the p16INK4a/cyclin dependent kinases 4 and 6/retinoblastoma protein (p16INK4a/CDK4,6/pRb) and p14ARF/human double minute 2/p53 (p14ARF/HMD2/p53) tumor suppressor pathways. MITF and TP53 are implicated in further melanoma progression. |
| No. of Genes in ADHDgene | 12 |
| Source | Pathway by Database Search |
Pathway related genes in ADHDgene (count: 12)
Literature-origin genes (count: 1)
| Approved Symbol | Approved Name | Location | No. of Studies (significant/non-significant/trend)  |
|---|---|---|---|
| FGF10 | fibroblast growth factor 10 | 5p13-p12 | 1(0/1/0) |
Genes from other sources (count: 11)
| Approved Symbol | Approved Name | Location | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| PIK3R1 | phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit 1 (alpha) | 5q13.1 | Mapped by significant region |
| FGF4 | fibroblast growth factor 4 | 11q13.3 | Mapped by significant region |
| FGF9 | fibroblast growth factor 9 (glia-activating factor) | 13q11-q12 | Mapped by significant region |
| CCND1 | cyclin D1 | 11q13 | Mapped by significant region |
| BAD | BCL2-associated agonist of cell death | 11q13.1 | Mapped by significant region |
| PIK3CG | phosphoinositide-3-kinase, catalytic, gamma polypeptide | 7q22 | Mapped by CNV |
| MAPK3 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 | 16p11.2 | Mapped by CNV |
| FGF3 | fibroblast growth factor 3 | 11q13 | Mapped by significant region |
| FGF19 | fibroblast growth factor 19 | 11q13.1 | Mapped by significant region |
| MAPK1 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 | 22q11.2 | Mapped by LD-proxy |
| PDGFD | platelet derived growth factor D | 11q22.3 | Mapped by significant region |