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KEGG Pathway Report
Basic Info
| ID | hsa05212 |
|---|---|
| Name | Pancreatic cancer |
| Description | Infiltrating ductal adenocarcinoma is the most common malignancy of the pancreas. When most investigators use the term 'pancreatic cancer' they are referring to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA). Normal duct epithelium progresses to infiltrating cancer through a series of histologically defined precursors (PanINs). The overexpression of HER-2/neu and activating point mutations in the K-ras gene occur early, inactivation of the p16 gene at an intermediate stage, and the inactivation of p53, SMAD4, and BRCA2 occur relatively late. Activated K-ras engages multiple effector pathways. Although EGF receptors are conventionally regarded as upstream activators of RAS proteins, they can also act as RAS signal transducers via RAS-induced autocrine activation of the EGFR family ligands. Moreover, PDA shows extensive genomic instability and aneuploidy. Telomere attrition and mutations in p53 and BRCA2 are likely to contribute to these phenotypes. Inactivation of the SMAD4 tumour suppressor gene leads to loss of the inhibitory influence of the transforming growth factor-beta signalling pathway. |
| No. of Genes in ADHDgene | 13 |
| Source | Pathway by Database Search |
Pathway related genes in ADHDgene (count: 13)
Literature-origin genes (count: 1)
| Approved Symbol | Approved Name | Location | No. of Studies (significant/non-significant/trend)  |
|---|---|---|---|
| VEGFA | vascular endothelial growth factor A | 6p12 | 1(0/1/0) |
Genes from other sources (count: 12)
| Approved Symbol | Approved Name | Location | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| MAPK9 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 | 5q35 | Mapped by CNV |
| TGFBR1 | transforming growth factor, beta receptor 1 | 9q22 | Mapped by significant region |
| VEGFB | vascular endothelial growth factor B | 11q13 | Mapped by significant region |
| MAPK3 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 | 16p11.2 | Mapped by CNV |
| MAPK1 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 | 22q11.2 | Mapped by LD-proxy |
| PLD1 | phospholipase D1, phosphatidylcholine-specific | 3q26 | Mapped by PBA pathway |
| RELA | v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (avian) | 11q13 | Mapped by significant region |
| PIK3R1 | phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit 1 (alpha) | 5q13.1 | Mapped by significant region |
| CCND1 | cyclin D1 | 11q13 | Mapped by significant region |
| PIK3CG | phosphoinositide-3-kinase, catalytic, gamma polypeptide | 7q22 | Mapped by CNV |
| BAD | BCL2-associated agonist of cell death | 11q13.1 | Mapped by significant region |
| ERBB2 | v-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2, neuro/glioblastoma derived oncogene homolog (avian) | 17q11.2-q12 | Mapped by LD-proxy |