ADHDgene Database

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Large-scale studies

Data Summary

Published Variant
- SNP: 1391
- CNV: 398
- Others: 173
Published Gene: 359
Published Region: 128
Pathway by PBA: 8
Study: 361

Detail ...

Gene Report

Basic Info

Approved Symbol	IL18
Symbol Alias	IGIF, IL1F4, IL-1g, IL-18
Approved Name	interleukin 18 (interferon-gamma-inducing factor)
Location	11q22.2-q22.3
Position	chr11:112013974-112034840, -
External Links	HGNC: 5986 Entrez Gene: 3606 Ensembl: ENSG00000150782 UCSC: uc001pnb.1
No. of Studies	0 (significant: 0; non-significant: 0; trend: 0)
Source	Mapped by significant region

Gene related studies (count: 0)

Gene related SNPs (count: 0)

Gene related CNVs (count: 0)

Gene related other variant (count: 0)

Gene related regions (count: 1)

Region Name	Position	No. of Studies (significant/non-significant/trend)
11q	chr11:53700000-135006516	2 (1/1/0)

Gene related GO terms (count: 55)

GO terms by PBA (with statistical significance of FDR<0.05) (count: 0)

GO terms by database search (count: 55)

ID	Name	Type	Evidence[PMID]	No. of Genes in ADHDgene
GO:0032930	positive regulation of superoxide anion generation	Biological Process		2
GO:0032819	positive regulation of natural killer cell proliferation	Biological Process	IDA[19088061]	2
GO:0032760	positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production	Biological Process		9
GO:0032757	positive regulation of interleukin-8 production	Biological Process		5
GO:0042088	T-helper 1 type immune response	Biological Process	IDA[8766574]	5
GO:0042033	chemokine biosynthetic process	Biological Process	TAS[11598150]	1
GO:0034105	positive regulation of tissue remodeling	Biological Process	IC[16482511]	2
GO:0032967	positive regulation of collagen biosynthetic process	Biological Process		4
GO:0032722	positive regulation of chemokine production	Biological Process		5
GO:0031663	lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway	Biological Process		5
GO:0030431	sleep	Biological Process	ISS[11506998]	4
GO:0030324	lung development	Biological Process		12
GO:0032740	positive regulation of interleukin-17 production	Biological Process	IDA[16482511]	2
GO:0032731	positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production	Biological Process		2
GO:0032729	positive regulation of interferon-gamma production	Biological Process	IDA[19088061]	9
GO:0032725	positive regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production	Biological Process		3
GO:0007267	cell-cell signaling	Biological Process	TAS[9792649]	38
GO:0009314	response to radiation	Biological Process		5
GO:0006954	inflammatory response	Biological Process		51
GO:0006955	immune response	Biological Process	TAS[8999896]	45
GO:0016324	apical plasma membrane	Cellular Component		51
GO:0030155	regulation of cell adhesion	Biological Process	IDA[11477102]	8
GO:0009409	response to cold	Biological Process		8
GO:0010628	positive regulation of gene expression	Biological Process		28
GO:0001649	osteoblast differentiation	Biological Process		9
GO:0001666	response to hypoxia	Biological Process		34
GO:0000165	MAPK cascade	Biological Process		10
GO:0001525	angiogenesis	Biological Process	IDA[11466388]	35
GO:0005615	extracellular space	Cellular Component		126
GO:0005829	cytosol	Cellular Component		447
GO:0005125	cytokine activity	Molecular Function	TAS[11598150]	19
GO:0005576	extracellular region	Cellular Component		240
GO:0071356	cellular response to tumor necrosis factor	Biological Process		9
GO:0071346	cellular response to interferon-gamma	Biological Process		3
GO:0071375	cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus	Biological Process		1
GO:0071374	cellular response to parathyroid hormone stimulus	Biological Process		1
GO:2000256	positive regulation of male germ cell proliferation	Biological Process		1
GO:0071407	cellular response to organic cyclic compound	Biological Process		4
GO:2000504	positive regulation of blood vessel remodeling	Biological Process		1
GO:0048546	digestive tract morphogenesis	Biological Process		1
GO:0050729	positive regulation of inflammatory response	Biological Process	IC[16482511]	8
GO:0050966	detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain	Biological Process		2
GO:0051142	positive regulation of NK T cell proliferation	Biological Process	IDA[19088061]	2
GO:0055093	response to hyperoxia	Biological Process		4
GO:0070301	cellular response to hydrogen peroxide	Biological Process		10
GO:0071260	cellular response to mechanical stimulus	Biological Process		14
GO:0071320	cellular response to cAMP	Biological Process		5
GO:0042092	type 2 immune response	Biological Process	TAS[11905033]	1
GO:0042094	interleukin-2 biosynthetic process	Biological Process	TAS[10653850]	1
GO:0042095	interferon-gamma biosynthetic process	Biological Process	TAS[10227975]	2
GO:0042104	positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation	Biological Process	IDA[8766574]	6
GO:0042231	interleukin-13 biosynthetic process	Biological Process	TAS[10227975]	1
GO:0042253	granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor biosynthetic process	Biological Process	TAS[10653850]	1
GO:0043117	positive regulation of vascular permeability	Biological Process		4
GO:0043525	positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process	Biological Process		9

Gene related KEGG pathways (count: 7)

ID	Name	No. of Genes in ADHDgene	Brief Description
hsa05152	Tuberculosis	30	Tuberculosis, or TB, is an infectious disease caused by Myco...... Tuberculosis, or TB, is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. One third of the world's population is thought to be infected with TB. About 90% of those infected result in latent infections, and about 10% of latent infections develop active diseases when their immune system is impaired due to the age, other diseases such as AIDS or exposure to immunosuppressive drugs. TB is transmitted through the air and primarily attacks the lungs, then it can spread by the circulatory system to other parts of body. Once TB bacilli have entered the host by the respiratory route and infected macrophages in the lungs, they interfere with phagosomal maturation, antigen presentation, apoptosis and host immune system to establish persistent or latent infection. More...
hsa05323	Rheumatoid arthritis	17	Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune joint dise...... Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune joint disease where persistent inflammation affects bone remodeling leading to progressive bone destruction. In RA, abnormal activation of the immune system elevates pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines levels, which can promote synovial angiogenesis and leukocyte infiltration. The synovium forms a hyperplastic pannus with infiltrated macrophage-like and fibroblast-like synoviocytes and invades joints by secreting proteinases and inducing osteoclast differentiation. More...
hsa05143	African trypanosomiasis	8	Trypanosoma brucei, the parasite responsible for African try...... Trypanosoma brucei, the parasite responsible for African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness), are spread by the tsetse fly in sub-Saharan Africa. The parasites are able to pass through the blood-brain barrier and cause neurological damage by inducing cytokines like TNF alpha, IFN gamma, and IL1. These cytokines and other metabolites such as nitric oxide and somnogenic prostaglandin D2 disturb circadian rhythms in patients with African trypanosomiasis. More...
hsa04060	Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction	38	Cytokines are soluble extracellular proteins or glycoprotein...... Cytokines are soluble extracellular proteins or glycoproteins that are crucial intercellular regulators and mobilizers of cells engaged in innate as well as adaptive inflammatory host defenses, cell growth, differentiation, cell death, angiogenesis, and development and repair processes aimed at the restoration of homeostasis. Cytokines are released by various cells in the body, usually in response to an activating stimulus, and they induce responses through binding to specific receptors on the cell surface of target cells. Cytokines can be grouped by structure into different families and their receptors can likewise be grouped. More...
hsa04621	NOD-like receptor signaling pathway	16	Specific families of pattern recognition receptors are respo...... Specific families of pattern recognition receptors are responsible for detecting various pathogens and generating innate immune responses. The intracellular NOD-like receptor (NLR) family contains more than 20 members in mammals and plays a pivotal role in the recognition of intracellular ligands. NOD1 and NOD2, two prototypic NLRs, sense the cytosolic presence of the bacterial peptidoglycan fragments that escaped from endosomal compartments, driving the activation of NF-{kappa}B and MAPK, cytokine production and apoptosis. On the other hand, a different set of NLRs induces caspase-1 activation through the assembly of multiprotein complexes called inflammasomes. These NLRs include NALP1, NALP3 and Ipaf. The inflammasomes are critical for generating mature proinflammatory cytokines in concert with Toll-like receptor signaling pathway. More...
hsa04623	Cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway	9	Specific families of pattern recognition receptors are respo...... Specific families of pattern recognition receptors are responsible for detecting foreign DNA from invading microbes or host cells and generating innate immune responses. DAI is the first identified sensor of cytosolic DNA which activates the IRF and NF-{kappa}B transcription factors, leading to production of type I interferon and other cytokines. The second type of cytoplasmic DNA sensor is AIM2. Upon sensing DNA, AIM2 triggers the assembly of the inflammasome, culminating in interleukin maturation. In addition to these receptors, there is a mechanism to sense foreign DNA, with the host RNA polymerase III converting the DNA into RNA for recognition by the RNA sensor RIG-I. These pathways provide various means to alert the cell. More...
hsa05144	Malaria	4	Plasmodium protozoa are parasites that account for malaria i...... Plasmodium protozoa are parasites that account for malaria infection. Sporozoite forms of the parasite are injected by mosquito bites under the skin and are carried to the liver where they develop into the merozoite form. More...

Genes shared at least 5 GO terms with IL18 (count: 14)

Gene Symbol	Pathway Count	Pathway List
IL12B	14	positive regulation of natural killer cell proliferation; positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production; T-helper 1 type immune response; positive regulation of tissue remodeling; positive regulation of interleukin-17 production; positive regulation of interferon-gamma production; positive regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production; extracellular space; cytokine activity; cellular response to interferon-gamma; positive regulation of inflammatory response; positive regulation of NK T cell proliferation; interferon-gamma biosynthetic process; positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation;
TLR4	9	positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production; positive regulation of interleukin-8 production; T-helper 1 type immune response; positive regulation of chemokine production; lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway; positive regulation of interferon-gamma production; immune response; positive regulation of inflammatory response; cellular response to mechanical stimulus;
VEGFA	8	lung development; positive regulation of gene expression; response to hypoxia; angiogenesis; extracellular space; cytokine activity; extracellular region; positive regulation of vascular permeability;
PYCARD	7	positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production; positive regulation of interferon-gamma production; inflammatory response; cytosol; extracellular region; cellular response to tumor necrosis factor; positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation;
CTGF	7	positive regulation of collagen biosynthetic process; lung development; positive regulation of gene expression; angiogenesis; extracellular space; cytosol; extracellular region;
IL6	7	positive regulation of chemokine production; inflammatory response; response to cold; extracellular space; cytokine activity; extracellular region; cellular response to hydrogen peroxide;
FGF9	6	cell-cell signaling; positive regulation of gene expression; osteoblast differentiation; angiogenesis; extracellular space; extracellular region;
CCL19	5	positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production; inflammatory response; immune response; extracellular space; extracellular region;
IL18BP	5	T-helper 1 type immune response; extracellular space; extracellular region; cellular response to tumor necrosis factor; cellular response to hydrogen peroxide;
IHH	5	positive regulation of collagen biosynthetic process; cell-cell signaling; osteoblast differentiation; extracellular space; extracellular region;
TNFSF4	5	positive regulation of interferon-gamma production; extracellular space; cytokine activity; positive regulation of inflammatory response; positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation;
NGF	5	response to radiation; inflammatory response; positive regulation of gene expression; extracellular space; extracellular region;
CYBA	5	inflammatory response; apical plasma membrane; cellular response to tumor necrosis factor; cellular response to organic cyclic compound; cellular response to mechanical stimulus;
PRKAA1	5	apical plasma membrane; positive regulation of gene expression; response to hypoxia; cytosol; cellular response to hydrogen peroxide;

Genes shared at least 2 KEGG pathways with IL18 (count: 20)

Gene Symbol	Pathway Count	Pathway List
IL6	7	Tuberculosis; Rheumatoid arthritis; African trypanosomiasis; Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction; NOD-like receptor signaling pathway; Cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway; Malaria;
IL12B	3	Tuberculosis; African trypanosomiasis; Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction;
RELA	3	Tuberculosis; NOD-like receptor signaling pathway; Cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway;
TLR4	3	Tuberculosis; Rheumatoid arthritis; Malaria;
ATP6V0A2	2	Tuberculosis; Rheumatoid arthritis;
ATP6V0D2	2	Tuberculosis; Rheumatoid arthritis;
HLA-DRB1	2	Tuberculosis; Rheumatoid arthritis;
IFNGR1	2	Tuberculosis; Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction;
IL10RA	2	Tuberculosis; Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction;
MAPK1	2	Tuberculosis; NOD-like receptor signaling pathway;
MAPK3	2	Tuberculosis; NOD-like receptor signaling pathway;
MAPK9	2	Tuberculosis; NOD-like receptor signaling pathway;
TCIRG1	2	Tuberculosis; Rheumatoid arthritis;
CXCL12	2	Rheumatoid arthritis; Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction;
ITGAL	2	Rheumatoid arthritis; Malaria;
TNFRSF11A	2	Rheumatoid arthritis; Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction;
VEGFA	2	Rheumatoid arthritis; Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction;
VEGFB	2	Rheumatoid arthritis; Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction;
CASP1	2	NOD-like receptor signaling pathway; Cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway;
PYCARD	2	NOD-like receptor signaling pathway; Cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway;

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Region: chr11:112013974..112034840 View in gBrowse